Book Source 2

Title of the Book (in italics when typed, underlined when written)	Pop Song Piracy: Disobedient Music Distribution since 1929
Author(s) or Editor	Barry Kernfeld
Publisher	University of Chicago Press
Year of Publication	2011
City of Publication	Chicago
Mode of Access (Print if you read the actual book, Electronic if you found it online, or through your kindle/nook/ereader):	Electronic
Eddition if indicated:	N/A

FIVE FACTS FROM THE SOURCE (Embedded):

Music piracy has been around since the "1940s and '50s" (Kernfeld 12).

In the mid-twentieth century, music piracy consisted of "song sheets becoming succeeded by fake books" (Kernfeld 22).

Music publishers have attempted "to wipe out fake books", but were unsuccessful (Kernfeld 22).

History has shown us that "there exists a complex give and take between distribution methods" and both parties refuse to compromise (Kernfeld 50).

Music piracy is the product of the music industry's persistent "lagging behind in creating innovative products" (Kernfeld 63).

Summary of Source (Three-Four Sentences of the Who, What, Where, Why, and How in your own words. NO OPINION):
Kernfeld details nearly a century of disobedient music distribution from song sheets to MP3s in the book.  He explains several cases and laws that have both helped to prevent, as well as promote music theft.  The author uses events from the past half a century in places all over the world.





Credibility of Source:
Author or Editor: Who is the author? What training have they had? If there is no author, examine the editor.
Kernfeld is on the staff of the Special Collections Library of the Pennsylvania State University

Attachment: Does the author or editor have anything to gain from writing this, or is it simply informative?
The author doesn't have anything to gain aside from informing the public of an issue that has been pushed to the back of the public's minds for the past century.

Bias: Do you detect a bias (a favoring of either side) in the author's writing?
I do detect a bias in the author's writing.  He clearly believes that this prevalent issue is only the product of the music industry itself.

References: Does the author cite references in the writing? If so, do these add or take away from the credibility? 
The author cites numerous references throughout the book.  Because the majority of the book is based upon historical events dwelling upon music piracy, Kernfeld backed up his information with these sources.

Use of Source: How will you use this source in your project?
I will use this book in my project to help write the historical section of the essay. Many ideal examples of music piracy are demonstrated and explained thoroughly in this work.

Book Source 1

Title of the Book (in italics when typed, underlined when written)	Social networking : understanding the legal issues of social networking sites
Author(s) or Editor	Roman Espejo
Publisher	Greenhaven Press
Year of Publication	2011
City of Publication	Detroit
Mode of Access (Print if you read the actual book, Electronic if you found it online, or through your kindle/nook/ereader):	Electronic
Eddition if indicated:	N/A

FIVE FACTS FROM THE SOURCE (Embedded):

Teens are better able to communicate and "spread new trends" through social networking sites (Espejo 34).

Social networking provides "a new corridor for the promotion of music" (Espejo 39).

Many bands enable free downloading on their social networking pages "because it has become the only way teens will support them" (Espejo 41).

Music and music videos now have the opportunity to "go viral, in that there is a mass spread of the artist's work" across these social networking websites (Espejo 41).

New studies have proven that teens are more likely to follow new music "if they can get access to it without paying a cent" (Espejo 45).

Summary of Source (Three-Four Sentences of the Who, What, Where, Why, and How in your own words. NO OPINION):
This book expresses both positive and negative opinions about social networking sites.  Espejo explains various controversial subjects about this recent internet sensation.  He calls upon issues such as cyberbullying, copyright laws, privacy, and even education.

Credibility of Source:
Author or Editor: Who is the author? What training have they had? If there is no author, examine the editor.
Roman Espejo is a published author and an editor of children's books and young adult books.

Attachment: Does the author or editor have anything to gain from writing this, or is it simply informative?
The book was written to inform an audience of the dangers and benefits of social networking.

Bias: Do you detect a bias (a favoring of either side) in the author's writing?
I do not detect a bias in that Espejo supplies both sides of the argument and seems to be neutral throughout the work.

References: Does the author cite references in the writing? If so, do these add or take away from the credibility? 
There are few references, but not enough to really add support to his arguments.

Use of Source: How will you use this source in your project?
I plan to use this source as a primary reference to counter my argument against music piracy.

Interview with Dean Butterworth (Drummer from Good Charlotte)

How long would you say, does it take to complete a record?

It can very, I've made records in one day and I've made records in a year.  It's all relative.  The Beatles made records in 1 or 2 days, while Michael Jackson took years to make Thriller.  If you are in a band it usually takes longer.  For example it took the band I'm in (Good Charlotte) around a year to make the last record we put out.  Sometimes it takes a while to get the right producers in the studio and we sometimes even have to go back to the drawing board.

What is the percentage of profit you earn from selling your music as opposed to merchandise, concert tickets, etc...?

It used to be more, but I think you want to talk about piracy which has changed everything.  The internet has absolutely ruined the music industry.  For the last half a decade, it continues to get worse every month, every week, every year.  The amount of money we make on record sales is basically zero.  Today, its all about tickets and t-shirts, you have to make your rent.   The days of not having to tour as much and making a ton of money through sales is irrelevant.  That is why all these record labels are all going out of business because they are all being bought out.

In my research I have found that many critics argue that filesharing only hurts the label and not the musicians.  In what ways are you directly affected by music piracy?

Well, its an interesting thing because now that the piracy and the whole thing has gone on, we'll play a concert in front of 10,000 kids and we'll go "We don't care how you get our music we just want you to get it" because now we've realized that you just have to get the music out there because that's how you get the heads to the show which gets you to the point of selling tickets and t-shirts, which then we get paid.  Record labels, what they didn't do, didn't make their own iTunes.  iTunes/Apple came and took it and they monopolized that market in terms of selling music.  In my opinion, what the labels should have done was they should have made their own online stores of which to sell music.

Do you buy music?

Oh yeah, even when our last record came out I went to Best Buy and bought like 10 copies of the CD.  Everybody in our band does just to support ourselves.  Sometimes I'll be on tour and my guitar player will go, "Dude, you gotta check this record out" and he'll just slide it onto my iPod.  But then I've gone out and bought records and supported that band. I don't steal music online. 

Do you think enough is being done to prevent music piracy?

Obama is trying to pass a law called the SOPA bill. Whether or not that's going to stop the piracy, I don't know, but something needs to be done.  The record labels should have protected themselves from the beginning by making their own iTunes or similar music store.  I don't know if its going to change.  There are a lot of growing pains in that.

If you were to try and convince the public from illegally downloading music, what would you say?

I would say to every person to look at this as an example: just say that your mother or father or whoever works in your family, their work was just cut by 90% monetarily.  And they couldn't provide for you, they couldn't provide for them and everything was just being taken for free.  Lets just say your father is a doctor.  Lets say that something happened and somebody can just go around the corner and get something and that guy just got pushed to the side and it took everything away from him.  Business-wise, what would you do?  Would you ask your friends to do the right thing? To allow the family to get back to what should be fair, on an ethical level? Just to be fair?  It can affect anyone.

Senior Project Online Source 5

“Specific Page Title or Article Title”	"The True Cost of Downloading Pirated Music: Who it really affects"
Primary Contributor to the Website (if given) (author, editor, producer, etc)	Kat
Title of the Entire Website (not www. )	Dollarish
Publisher or Sponsoring Organization of the website (if given)	N/A
Date Page was Last Revised	28 March 2010
Date You Read It	14 February 2012
<URL address> (ALL of it)	http://www.dollarish.com/724383448/the-true-cost-of-downloading-pirated-music-who-it-really-affects/

FIVE FACTS FROM THE SOURCE (Embedded):

The author admits to frequently downloading "free music in the past from sites like Limewire, Utorrent and even Napster back in the day" (Kat).

Kat explains that she never considered that music piracy "could really have on the music industry and the economy as a whole" (Kat).

The author believes that "it's the little people who work in the industry offices and recording studios who suffer in the end" as opposed to bands like Metallica that are already wealthy (Kat).

The article also cites an analysis done by the RIAA, concluding that "global music piracy causes $12.5 billion of economic losses every year" (Kat).

Kat also comments on the idea of copying a CD and sharing it with friends as being essentially similar as filesharing, but "the internet allows for such widespread sharing that it is really not a fair comparison" (Kat).

Summary of Source (Three-Four Sentences of the Who, What, Where, Why, and How in your own words. NO OPINION):
Kat pulls together studies and research done by the RIAA, the main music industry devoted to preventing music piracy, to overview the harm of filesharing.  She provides personal experiences as well as hard evidence to connect with the audience.  Kat brings forth the perspective of someone who has been on both sides of this controversial issue.

Credibility of Source:
Author or Site: Who is the author? What training have they had? If there is no author, examine the site. What is the purpose of the site? Who funds the site?
The author of this article is named Kat.  She is a recent college graduate from Gainesville, Florida trying to make a break in the publishing world.

Attachment: Does the author or site have anything to gain from writing this, or is it simply informative? For example, is it a cigarette business posting an article about the benefit of cigarettes, or is it a scientific community unaffiliated with the cigarette business?
Kat is currently trying to become part of the publishing world.  She provides her opinion on a very controversial subject hoping that someone will notice her and recognize her for her work.

Bias: Do you detect a bias (a favoring of either side) in the author's writing?
I detect barely any bias in that she admits to have stolen music illegally off of filesharing websites. She explains the thoughts and mental processes of someone who has pirated music, which provides a counter argument to her opinion.

References: Does the author cite references in the writing? If so, do these add or take away from the credibility?
The author cites an article by the RIAA and statistical studies done by The Institute for Policy Innovation.  These are probably two of the most critical sources in providing a strong argument in music piracy.

Use of Source: How will you use this source in your project? 
I plan to use this source in my project to portray the mindset of someone who has stolen music themself.  I think it will help a lot of people connect with the topic of music piracy.

Senior Project Online Source 4

“Specific Page Title or Article Title”	"Music Piracy Costs U.S. Economy $12.5 Billion, Report Reveals"
Primary Contributor to the Website (if given) (author, editor, producer, etc)	K.C. Jones
Title of the Entire Website (not www. )	InformationWeek
Publisher or Sponsoring Organization of the website (if given)	N/A
Date Page was Last Revised	22 August 2007
Date You Read It	14 February 2012
<URL address> (ALL of it)	http://www.informationweek.com/news/201801704

FIVE FACTS FROM THE SOURCE (Embedded):

The article cites The Institute for Policy Innovation (IPI) as releasing a report explaining that "U.S. workers lose $2.7 billion in earnings to music piracy" (Jones).

Jones starts of the article stating that because of global music piracy the United States is robbed "of $12.5 billion in economic output and more than 71,000 jobs annually" (Jones).

According to IPI, it is believed that sound recordings and other creative property "are the most important growth drivers in the U.S. economy" (Jones).

The article cites Stephen E. Siwek, author and principal with Economists Inc., as saying "Piracy harms not only the owners of intellectual property but also U.S. consumers and taxpayers"(Jones).

Jones explains that "the United States loses more than 46,000 production-level jobs and nearly 25,000 retail jobs due to music piracy" and if something isn't done soon, things could get worse (Jones).

Summary of Source (Three-Four Sentences of the Who, What, Where, Why, and How in your own words. NO OPINION):
K.C. Jones pulls together information from The Institute for Policy Innovation's most recent report to show some statistics on how music piracy has affected the U.S. economy. The two sources that she cites add a negative connotation to music piracy.  Jones also quotes author, Stephen E. Siwek, who validified IPI's information regarding the effects on the economy.

Credibility of Source:
Author or Site: Who is the author? What training have they had? If there is no author, examine the site. What is the purpose of the site? Who funds the site?
K.C. Jones is a writer for a website called InformationWeek and covers internet policy, web portals, and e-commerce.  She has been a writer for the greater part of her life and worked for InformationWeek for over three years.

Attachment: Does the author or site have anything to gain from writing this, or is it simply informative? For example, is it a cigarette business posting an article about the benefit of cigarettes, or is it a scientific community unaffiliated with the cigarette business?
Being as Jones writes a number of articles related to science and technology, one can assume she is fascinated with the subject.  She is lucky enough to have a job with InformationWeek that allows her to write about a topic that she is interested in.

Bias: Do you detect a bias (a favoring of either side) in the author's writing?
I detect a large bias in that she only cites sources that bring upon the negative effects of music piracy, not the positive.

References: Does the author cite references in the writing? If so, do these add or take away from the credibility?
The author cites author and principal with Economics Inc., Stephen E. Siwek.  She also adds The Institute for Policy Innovation to her bibliography adding even more validity to her opinions.

Use of Source: How will you use this source in your project? 
I plan to use this source to provide detailed statistics portraying the negative effects of music piracy on the U.S. economy.

Senior Project Online Source 3

“Specific Page Title or Article Title”	"Record Labels: Change or Die"
Primary Contributor to the Website (if given) (author, editor, producer, etc)	Adam Frucci
Title of the Entire Website (not www. )	Gizmodo
Publisher or Sponsoring Organization of the website (if given)	Gizmodo
Date Page was Last Revised	11 March 2010
Date You Read It	8 February 2012
<URL address> (ALL of it)	http://gizmodo.com/5481545/record-labels-change-or-die

FIVE FACTS FROM THE SOURCE (Embedded):

The article states that because of music piracy that "profits are tanking" (Adam Frucci).

Because of the increase of filesharing, "record stores are dying at an alarming rate" (Adam Frucci).

The author believes that the internet has radically changed the music industry in that "the biggest music stores are now virtual" (Adam Frucci).

The article states that the only way that labels are staying alive is by "becoming involved in the places that bands still make money, such as touring and merchandising" (Adam Frucci).

The article also goes on to say that the majority of money made is "no longer just in album sales" but rather by concert tickets and merchandise (Adam Frucci).

Summary of Source (Three-Four Sentences of the Who, What, Where, Why, and How in your own words. NO OPINION):
Adam Frucci believes that record labels are not taking the necessary precautions to keep the music business alive.  He offers advice to both the labels and musicians describing what they need to do in order to accomplish their goals.  Frucci describes that if things continue to move in the direction they are currently in that things will turn ugly for both sides.

Credibility of Source:
Author or Site: Who is the author? What training have they had? If there is no author, examine the site. What is the purpose of the site? Who funds the site?
Adam Frucci writes articles for a website called Gizmodo.  He has written a number of articles related to gadgets and technology in the modern day.

Attachment: Does the author or site have anything to gain from writing this, or is it simply informative? For example, is it a cigarette business posting an article about the benefit of cigarettes, or is it a scientific community unaffiliated with the cigarette business?
The author is trying to inform people about relevant issues in society and how to fix them.  He wants to inform you on current matters that are related to gadgets and technology.

Bias: Do you detect a bias (a favoring of either side) in the author's writing?
I find that their is a slight bias in that he only states what could be changed and not what is correct and has worked.

References: Does the author cite references in the writing? If so, do these add or take away from the credibility?
The author cites several references in the writing. He uses IFPI statistics to add to his argument, thus adding a backbone to his claims.

Use of Source: How will you use this source in your project?
I plan to use this source to refer to ways that we can all try and save the dying music industry.

Senior Project Online Source 2

“Specific Page Title or Article Title”	Is Piracy Really Killing the Music Industry?
Primary Contributor to the Website (if given) (author, editor, producer, etc)	N/A
Title of the Entire Website (not www. )	Roughly Drafted
Publisher or Sponsoring Organization of the website (if given	N/A
Date Page was Last Revised	7 March 2007
Date You Read It	5 February 2012
<URL address> (ALL of it)	http://www.roughlydrafted.com/RD/RDM.Tech.Q1.07/708F20CD-E67D-45C7-AF95-3E1A6AC07C37.html

FIVE FACTS FROM THE SOURCE (Embedded):

To most record labels, the only solution to ending music piracy is to "lock down music so users can't share the copies they buy" (Roughly Drafted).

Although most believe it is morally wrong to pirate music, the RIAA has some critics such as "people who don't want to be restricted in their use of purchased music" (Roughly Drafted).

According to the article, the rumor that "arguments that “ideas” like music have no value because they can be duplicated" is not true(Roughly Drafted).

The article truly believes that "the real customers are people who buy music" (Roughly Drafted).

The article finds that music labels are incorrectly approaching music piracy and offers an alternative such as "destroying the utility of online services by dumping poor quality downloads into them" as a better solution (Roughly Drafted).

Summary of Source (Three-Four Sentences of the Who, What, Where, Why, and How in your own words. NO OPINION):
This Roughly Drafted article provides both positive and negative influences of music piracy on society and the music labels.  Most of the information includes alternative solutions to the current processes by which the music labels are approaching this issue.


Credibility of Source:
Author or Site: Who is the author? What training have they had? If there is no author, examine the site. What is the purpose of the site? Who funds the site?
Roughly Drafted is a magazine based in San Francisco, California with a goal to inform the general public about technology and the world it is engulfed within.
Attachment: Does the author or site have anything to gain from writing this, or is it simply informative? For example, is it a cigarette business posting an article about the benefit of cigarettes, or is it a scientific community unaffiliated with the cigarette business?
The author simply enjoys writing/blogging for this magazine for entertainment.  Roughly Drafted Magazine is written for pure intrigue in the subject.

Bias: Do you detect a bias (a favoring of either side) in the author's writing?
I do not really detect much of a bias within the author's writing.  I feel that the author is trying to provide counterarguments to music piracy because most people only can see negative proponents with it.

References: Does the author cite references in the writing? If so, do these add or take away from the credibility?
The author constantly refers to RIAA in his argument.  This adds an immense about of credibility to the article because RIAA is the music industry that represents the majority of music labels.

Use of Source: How will you use this source in your project?
I plan to use this source to provide counterarguments to my opinion that music piracy can not only hurt music labels, but your wallet as well.